{"id":26742,"date":"2016-03-02T17:22:27","date_gmt":"2016-03-02T16:22:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/?p=26742"},"modified":"2023-03-28T17:25:44","modified_gmt":"2023-03-28T15:25:44","slug":"the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/","title":{"rendered":"The regulatory conditions of IP interconnection"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Internet interconnection has often been described as an unregulated field.\u00a0However, local public regulation\u00a0is starting to emerge \u2013 be it through disclosure regulations, mandatory peering or licensing terms. Due to the networked nature of the internet,\u00a0local rules may acquire a global scope.<\/p>\n<p>In order to start understanding the regulatory\u00a0landscape of internet interconnection I conducted an exploratory survey among internet interconnection professionals. The\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2740312\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">full report<\/a>\u00a0has now been published. It provides an initial overview about how different kinds of public\u00a0regulation affect internet connectivity. On the basis of a convenience sample of 163 survey submissions, the following has been found:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0Nine out of ten kinds of regulation presented to the participants have been encountered by more than half of them. This result gives reason\u00a0to revisit the widespread notion that internet interconnection is an unregulated space. 66% of the participants have encountered a regulatory\u00a0authority that imposes its own technical or operational standards. Moreover, imposition of regulatory standards was regarded to be the most\u00a0influential on internet interconnection practices, together with competition laws (both 67%).<\/li>\n<li>Local regulation of internet interconnection creates a tension between the regulated and the unregulated space in the internet. In order to\u00a0overcome the normative difference, network operators need to make an extra effort. The degree to which network operators are affected by\u00a0local regulation depends on a networks\u2019 structure rather than on its size. Local regulation raises more difficulties for the kinds of\u00a0infrastructural innovations that depend on having many points of presence.<\/li>\n<li>For networkers, public regulation of internet interconnection is relevant in three thematic domains: 1) in the economies of internet\u00a0interconnection, 2) in engineering and operations, and 3) in the modes of governance.<\/li>\n<li>Overarching observations note that public regulation of internet interconnection contributes to a formalisation of the otherwise very\u00a0informal sector. It also shines a spotlight on how networks are categorised and are thereby \u201cprepared\u201d for the application of regulation.\u00a0Further, various examples highlight how regulatory authorities co-opt internet infrastructure for new policy purposes that were previously not\u00a0understood as central to internet operations, e.g., data retention.<\/li>\n<li>Local networkers value the presence of international network operators not only as potential peering partners but also as mediators for know-how about best practices and advanced modes of internet interconnection.<\/li>\n<li>Networkers are very critical about regulations that contradict engineering principles. The most accepted forms of regulation also apply in\u00a0other societal spheres: basic rights for citizens, e.g., for broadband, and competition regulation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The full report can be\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2740312\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">downloaded from the SSRN<\/a>. The survey data on which this report is based is available under a CC-BY 4.0 license at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.7802\/1198\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.7802\/1198<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"shariff shariff-align-flex-start shariff-widget-align-flex-start\"><ul class=\"shariff-buttons theme-round orientation-horizontal buttonsize-medium\"><li class=\"shariff-button linkedin shariff-nocustomcolor\" style=\"background-color:#1488bf\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/sharing\/share-offsite\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hiig.de%2Fen%2Fthe-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection%2F\" title=\"Share on LinkedIn\" aria-label=\"Share on LinkedIn\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" class=\"shariff-link\" style=\"; background-color:#0077b5; color:#fff\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"shariff-icon\" style=\"\"><svg width=\"32px\" height=\"20px\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 27 32\"><path fill=\"#0077b5\" d=\"M6.2 11.2v17.7h-5.9v-17.7h5.9zM6.6 5.7q0 1.3-0.9 2.2t-2.4 0.9h0q-1.5 0-2.4-0.9t-0.9-2.2 0.9-2.2 2.4-0.9 2.4 0.9 0.9 2.2zM27.4 18.7v10.1h-5.9v-9.5q0-1.9-0.7-2.9t-2.3-1.1q-1.1 0-1.9 0.6t-1.2 1.5q-0.2 0.5-0.2 1.4v9.9h-5.9q0-7.1 0-11.6t0-5.3l0-0.9h5.9v2.6h0q0.4-0.6 0.7-1t1-0.9 1.6-0.8 2-0.3q3 0 4.9 2t1.9 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"shariff-button bluesky shariff-nocustomcolor\" style=\"background-color:#84c4ff\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bsky.app\/intent\/compose?text=The%20regulatory%20conditions%20of%20IP%20interconnection https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hiig.de%2Fen%2Fthe-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection%2F  via @hiigberlin.bsky.social\" title=\"Share on Bluesky\" aria-label=\"Share on Bluesky\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" class=\"shariff-link\" style=\"; background-color:#0085ff; color:#fff\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"shariff-icon\" style=\"\"><svg width=\"20\" height=\"20\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\"><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M4.89,3.12c2.07,1.55,4.3,4.71,5.11,6.4.82-1.69,3.04-4.84,5.11-6.4,1.49-1.12,3.91-1.99,3.91.77,0,.55-.32,4.63-.5,5.3-.64,2.3-2.99,2.89-5.08,2.54,3.65.62,4.58,2.68,2.57,4.74-3.81,3.91-5.48-.98-5.9-2.23-.08-.23-.11-.34-.12-.25,0-.09-.04.02-.12.25-.43,1.25-2.09,6.14-5.9,2.23-2.01-2.06-1.08-4.12,2.57-4.74-2.09.36-4.44-.23-5.08-2.54-.19-.66-.5-4.74-.5-5.3,0-2.76,2.42-1.89,3.91-.77h0Z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"shariff-button mailto shariff-nocustomcolor\" style=\"background-color:#a8a8a8\"><a href=\"mailto:?body=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hiig.de%2Fen%2Fthe-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection%2F&subject=The%20regulatory%20conditions%20of%20IP%20interconnection\" title=\"Send by email\" aria-label=\"Send by email\" role=\"button\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" class=\"shariff-link\" style=\"; background-color:#999; color:#fff\"><span class=\"shariff-icon\" style=\"\"><svg width=\"32px\" height=\"20px\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\"><path fill=\"#999\" d=\"M32 12.7v14.2q0 1.2-0.8 2t-2 0.9h-26.3q-1.2 0-2-0.9t-0.8-2v-14.2q0.8 0.9 1.8 1.6 6.5 4.4 8.9 6.1 1 0.8 1.6 1.2t1.7 0.9 2 0.4h0.1q0.9 0 2-0.4t1.7-0.9 1.6-1.2q3-2.2 8.9-6.1 1-0.7 1.8-1.6zM32 7.4q0 1.4-0.9 2.7t-2.2 2.2q-6.7 4.7-8.4 5.8-0.2 0.1-0.7 0.5t-1 0.7-0.9 0.6-1.1 0.5-0.9 0.2h-0.1q-0.4 0-0.9-0.2t-1.1-0.5-0.9-0.6-1-0.7-0.7-0.5q-1.6-1.1-4.7-3.2t-3.6-2.6q-1.1-0.7-2.1-2t-1-2.5q0-1.4 0.7-2.3t2.1-0.9h26.3q1.2 0 2 0.8t0.9 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Internet interconnection has often been described as an unregulated field.\u00a0However, local public regulation\u00a0is starting to emerge \u2013 be it through disclosure regulations, mandatory peering or licensing terms. Due to the networked nature of the internet,\u00a0local rules may acquire a global scope. In order to start understanding the regulatory\u00a0landscape of internet interconnection I conducted an exploratory&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":26737,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1579,224],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ftif-plattformen-governance","category-policy-and-law"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The regulatory conditions of IP interconnection &#8211; Digital Society Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The regulatory conditions of IP interconnection &#8211; Digital Society Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Internet interconnection has often been described as an unregulated field.\u00a0However, local public regulation\u00a0is starting to emerge \u2013 be it through disclosure regulations, mandatory peering or licensing terms. Due to the networked nature of the internet,\u00a0local rules may acquire a global scope. In order to start understanding the regulatory\u00a0landscape of internet interconnection I conducted an exploratory&hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"HIIG\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-03-02T16:22:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-03-28T15:25:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/map-of-survey-participants_v9_16x9.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"3072\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1728\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Uta Meier-Hahn\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Uta Meier-Hahn\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The regulatory conditions of IP interconnection &#8211; Digital Society Blog","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The regulatory conditions of IP interconnection &#8211; Digital Society Blog","og_description":"Internet interconnection has often been described as an unregulated field.\u00a0However, local public regulation\u00a0is starting to emerge \u2013 be it through disclosure regulations, mandatory peering or licensing terms. Due to the networked nature of the internet,\u00a0local rules may acquire a global scope. In order to start understanding the regulatory\u00a0landscape of internet interconnection I conducted an exploratory&hellip;","og_url":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/","og_site_name":"HIIG","article_published_time":"2016-03-02T16:22:27+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-03-28T15:25:44+00:00","og_image":[{"width":3072,"height":1728,"url":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/map-of-survey-participants_v9_16x9.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Uta Meier-Hahn","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Uta Meier-Hahn","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/"},"author":{"name":"Uta Meier-Hahn","@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/#\/schema\/person\/1dd5018d7a9fef3cacc6f193d89cf694"},"headline":"The regulatory conditions of IP interconnection","datePublished":"2016-03-02T16:22:27+00:00","dateModified":"2023-03-28T15:25:44+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/"},"wordCount":439,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/post_generic.png","articleSection":["Ftif Platform governance","Policy and Law"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/","url":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/","name":"The regulatory conditions of IP interconnection &#8211; Digital Society Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/post_generic.png","datePublished":"2016-03-02T16:22:27+00:00","dateModified":"2023-03-28T15:25:44+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/post_generic.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/post_generic.png","width":3072,"height":1728},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/the-regulatory-conditions-of-ip-interconnection\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The regulatory conditions of IP interconnection"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/","name":"HIIG","description":"Alexander von Humboldt Institute for Internet and Society","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/#organization","name":"HIIG","url":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/hiig.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/hiig.png","width":320,"height":80,"caption":"HIIG"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/#\/schema\/person\/1dd5018d7a9fef3cacc6f193d89cf694","name":"Uta Meier-Hahn","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/staff\/uta-meier-hahn-3\/"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26742","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/42"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26742"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26742\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":92090,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26742\/revisions\/92090"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26737"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26742"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26742"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiig.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}