In an era marked by misinformation and populist narratives, science communication plays a crucial democratic role in bringing expert knowledge into public debates. Yet scientists must navigate polarised environments and may face hostility ranging from criticism and harassment to physical threats, sometimes leading to self-censorship that limits diverse perspectives in public discourse. That is why the Capacities and Competencies in Dealing with Hate Speech and Hostility towards Science (KAPAZ) project brought together researchers and practitioners from eight different organisations. Over three years, they investigated these challenges and developed practical strategies to counter attacks on scientists. One of its key insights offers cautious optimism: while attacks are a real concern, severe incidents remain the exception. With the right preparation, institutional support and training, much can be done to address hostility effectively.To this end, the KAPAZ project has brought together its key findings in this collection as a lasting knowledge base for the science system. The document, together with its five supplementary educational resources, provides an empirical foundation and offers a legal perspective on hostility. It also includes hands-on exercises to expand the capabilities of researchers when dealing with attacks. Whether you are a researcher engaging with public discourse, an institution developing support structures, or a science communicator looking for practical tools, browse the resources below to find what you need.
